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Lecture Demonstration Manual
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Mechanics
Kinematics & Dynamics
Ma-1 Trajectory Model
Ma-2 Monkey and Bullet
Ma-3 Coriolis Acceleration
Ma-4 Projectile Cart
Ma-5 Hotwheels Track
Momentum & Newton's laws
Mb-1 Reaction Train
Mb-2 Newton's Cradle
Mb-3 Newton's Cart
Mb-4 Dining Table
Mb-5 Happy and Unhappy Balls
Mb-6 Jet Propulsion
Mj-3 Action and Reaction
Conservation of Energy
Mc-1 Stopped Pendulum
Mj-6 Elastic Collisions
Pendula & SHM
Md-1 Pendula
Md-2 Wilburforce Pendulum Demonstration
Md-3 Coupled Pendula
Md-4 Foucault Pendulum
Mg-2 Kater's Reversible Pendulum
Mj-4 Coupled Oscillators
Work & Power
Me-1 Bicycle Ergonometer
Central Forces
Mf-1 Loop the Loop
Mf-2 Centrifuge
Mf-3 Watts governor
Gravitation
Mg-1 Guinea and Feather Apparatus
Mg-2 Kater's Reversible Pendulum
Mg-3 The Cycloid
Friction
Mh-1 Friction
Rotational Motion & Gyroscopes
Mi-1 Rotating Stool
Mi-2 The Inclined Plane
Mi-3 Precession
Mi-4 Gyroscope in a Suitcase
Mi-5 Moment of Inertia
Mi-6 Mobile Gyroscope
Mi-7 Double Wheel Gyroscope
Mi-8 Gyroscopic Stabilisation
Mi-9 Knife Edge Gyroscope
Mi-10 Flattening of the Poles
The Linear Air Track
Mj-1 Projectile Glider
Mj-2 Centre of Mass Motion
Mj-3 Action and Reaction
Mj-4 Coupled Oscillators
Mj-5 Interatomic Force Model
Mj-6 Elastic Collisions
Centre of Mass
Mk-1 Centre of Mass Rod
Mk-2 Double Cone Paradox
Moments
Ml-1 Moments
Ml-2 Free Fall Paradox (The Falling Chimney)
Elastic properties of Solids
Mm-2 Young's Modulus
Mm-3 Modulus of Rigidity
Mm-4 Hooke's Law
Mm-1 Strength of Materials
Chaos
Mn-1 Chaotic Double Pendulum
Pressure
Mo-1 Bed of Nails
Mo-2 Vacuum Bazooka
Optics
Mirrors & Lenses
Oa-1 Model of the Eye (Dissectible)
Oa-2 Model of the Eye (Active)
Oa-3 Ray Tracing
Oa-4 Mirror (Multiple Images)
Oa-5 Real Image
Oa-6 Corner Reflector
Refractive index
Ob-1 Matching Refractive Indices
Ob-2 Matching Refractive Indices (Wool in Methyl Salycilate)
Interference of Light
Oc-1 Measurement of the Wavelength of Light Using a Ruler
Oc-2 Interference Phenomena Using Float Glass (Newton's Rings)
Oc-3 Zone Plates
Diffraction
Od-1 Diffraction (Using 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 Slits)
Od-2 Diffraction (Using Grating 4000, 8000, 15000 lines/inch)
Od-3 Diffraction (Fraunhaufer)
Od-4 Diffraction (Fresnel)
Od-5 Poisson's Spot
Od-6 Abbe's Theory of Imaging
Total internal reflection
Oe-1 Light Pipe
Oe-2 Light Trapped in a Stream of Water
Oe-3 Total Internal Reflection (Using Microwaves)
Spectrum & Colours
Of-1 Diffraction Grating Spectrum (using white light)
Of-2 Spectral Sources (1)
Of-3 Spectral Sources (2)
Of-4 Absorption Spectrum of Sodium
Of-5 Spectra of Salts (Flame Test)
Of-6 Colour Addition
Of-7 Absorption Lines of Sodium
Of-8 Infra-Red Spectrum using an IR camera
Polarisation
Og-1 Polarisation
Og-2 Strain Polarisation
Og-3 Interference colours in Mica (Polarisation)
Og-4 Polarisation by Scattering
Og-5 The Barbers Pole (optical Activity)
Og-6 Voice Communication Using a Laser Beam (The Faraday Effect)
Crystal optics
Oh-1 Calcite (Crystal Model)
Oh-2 Leitz Polarising Attachment
Oh-3 Calcite (Birefringence)
Oh-4 Dichroism
Oh-5 Optical Crystals
Ultraviolet light
Oi-1 Fluorescence
Oi-2 Phosphorescence
Holograms
Oj-1 Holograms
Miscellaneous
Ok-1 Optical Illusions
Ok-2 Echo Box With Choke Coupling
Ok-3 Inverse Square Law
Heat & Thermodynamics
Temperature
Ha-1 Thermometers
Ha-2 The Thermopile
Ha-3 Absolute Zero Demonstration
Expansion
Hb-1 Expansion
Hb-2 The Bar Breaker
Hb-3 Ball And Ring (1)
Hb-4 Ball and Ring (2)
Hb-5 The Bimetallic Strip (Compound Bar)
Heat transfer
Hc-1 Thermal Conductivity (1)
Hc-2 Thermal Conductivity (2)
Hc-3 Black Body Box
Hc-4 The Convection Box
Hc-5 Absorption of Radiation by Black and White Surfaces
Hc-6 Leslie's Cube
Hc-7 Ignition by Focusing Light
Hc-8 Infrared Radiation
Hc-9 Archimedes' Burning Ship
Heat Engines
Hd-1 The Rubber Band Heat Engine
Hd-2 The Fire Syringe
Kinetic theory
He-1 Crookes Radiometer
He-2 The Maxwell Demon Bottle
He-3 The Thermobile
He-4 P-V-T Diagrams
He-5 Dependence of Viscosity on Temperature
He-6 Brownian Motion
He-7 Maxwell Boltzmann distribution
He-8 Brownian motion using an air table
He-9 Diffusion
He-10 Mixing
Change of state
Hf-1 Critical Point of Ether
Hf-2 Boiling Water at Room Temperature
Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics
Hg-1 Chemical Clock A+B
Fluids & Surface tension
Hydrostatics
Fa-1 Archimedes' principle - The Bucket and Cylinder experiment
Fa-2 Communicating Vessel For Liquid Level
Fa-3 Pascal's Apparatus
Fa-4 Magdeburg Hemispheres
Surface tension
Fb-1 Force Exerted by a Soap Film
Fb-3Soap Bubble Paradox
Fb-4 Capillarity
Fb-5 Minimum Area of Soap Film
Fb-6 Reducing Surface Tension
Fb-8 Mercury Amoeba
Fb-9 Mercury Gobbler
Fb-10 Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions
Hydrodynamics & Bernoullis law
Fc-1 Ping pong ball in air stream
Fc-2 The Venturi Flow Meter
Fc-3 The parallel plate paradox
Fc-4 Funnel and ball
Fc-5 The Chimney effect (Atomiser Principle)
Fc-6 Attraction of two balls
Fc-7 The Pitot tube
Fc-8 Smoke Ring Generator
Fc-9 Streamline flow
Fc-10 Viscosity (Stokes Law)
Electricity & Magnetism
Forces & fields from currents
Ea-1 Force on a Current Carrying Conductor in a Magnetic Field
Ea-2 Barlow's Wheel
Ea-3 Faraday's Rotating Wire
Ea-4 Magnetic Field at the Centre of Coil
Ea-5 The Electromagnetic Pump
Ea-6 The Current Balance (Including the Kelvin Balance)
Ea-7 The Solenoid
Ea-8 The Rogowski Coil
Ea-9 Attraction and Repulsion Currents
Induced currents
Eb-1 Arago's Disc
Eb-2 Faraday's Law of Induction
Eb-3 Faraday's Wheel
Eb-4 Eddy Currents
Eb-5 The Jumping Ring
Eb-6 Induction Furnace
Eb-7 Light Globe Under Water
Eb-8 Lenz's Law
Eb-9 Lenz’s Law with Aluminium Ring
Eb-10 Lenz’s Law (2 Coils on a Pipe)
Eb-11 Lenz’s Law (Coil).
Induction coils & Transformers
Ec-1 Wind Your Own Transformer
Ec-2 Jacob's Ladder
AC circuit elements
Ed-1 Back EMF Due to Current of Self Induction
Ed-2 Energy Stored in a Capacitor
Motors & Generators
Ee-1 The Direct Current Motor
Ee-2 The Alternating Current Generator
Ee-3 The Three Phase Induction Motor
Discharge tubes & Electron beams
Ef-1 The Maltese Cross
Ef-2 Bending of an Electron Beam
Ef-3 Conduction of Electricity Through Gases
Ef-4 Discharge Tubes
Ef-5 The Magnetic Mirror
Thermoelectric effects
Eg-1 Magnetic Field of a Large Thermoelectric Current
Eg-2 Temperature Dependence of Resistance
Eg-3 The Pilot Lamp
Magnetic properties of Matter
Eh-1 Curie Point of Gadolinium
Eh-2 Hysteresis
Eh-3 The Hall Effect in P and N Type Germanium
Eh-4 Magnetic Domains
Eh-5 The Barkhausen effect
Eh-6 Paramagnetism and Diamagnetism
Eh-7 The Loadstone
Eh-8 The Meisner Effect
Eh-9 Core memory
Electromagnetic radiation
Ei-1 Electromagnetic Radiation (Meter Wavelength)
Ei-2 Lecher Wires
Ei-3 Hertz's Apparatus
Ei-4 Amplitude Modulation
Ei-5 Transmission Line
Ei-6 Plasma Frequency
Ei-7 Artwork Fraud and Physics
Ei-8 Magnetic deflection of Beta rays
Ei-9 Properties of Radiation
Miscellaneous
Ej-1 Rotating Dipole Analogue of the Electrocardiograph
Ej-2 The Sausage Cooker
Ej-3 Loud-speaker
Wave motion
Wave properties
Wa-1 Wave Machines
Wa-2 Phase and Group Velocity
Wa-3 The Ripple Tank
Wa-4 Crova's Disc
Wa-5 Speed of Sound (Density Dependence)
Wa-6 The Speed of Sound (Using Lissajous figures)
Standing waves
Wb-1 The Melde' Experiment
Wb-2 Kundt's Tube
Wb-3 The Gas Tube
Wb-4 The Chladni-Vibrating Plate
Wb-5 Chladni Figures (Acoustically driven)
Wb-6 The Monochord (The Sonometer)
Wb-7 Vibrations of a Rod
Wb-8 Toothbrush Wave Generator
Wb-9 Circular Standing Waves (The Ring of Fire)
Interference
Wc-1 Moire Patterns
Wc-2 Interference of Two Sound Sources (1)
Wc-3 Ultrasonic Interference
Wc-4 Two Slit Interference (using microwaves)
Wc-5 Quink's Interference
Wc-6 Lloyd's Mirror (using Microwaves)
Resonance
Wd-1 Resonance Tube
Wd-2 Forced Harmonic Motion (1)
Wd-3 Forced Harmonic Motion (2)
Wd-4 Resonance Smashing of a Wine Glass
Doppler shift
We-1 The Doppler Rings
We-2 The Doppler Effect (using a hand held speaker)
We-3 The Doppler Effect (with microwaves)
Musical acoustics
Wf-1 Savart's Wheel
Wf-2 The Fourier Synthesiser
Wf-3 Helmholtz Resonators
Wf-4 Model of the Human Ear
Beats
Wg-1 Beats Using Two Tuning Forks
Wg-2 Beats Using Two Signal Generators: Phase and Group Velocity
Wg-3 Knipp's Singing Tubes
Polarization
Wh-1 Polarisation of Microwaves
Electrostatics
El-1 Charging by Induction
El-2 The Electrophorous - Charging by Induction
El-3 Repulsion of Like Charges
El-4 The Capacitor
El-5 Visualisation of Electric Field Lines
El-6 Biot's Apparatus
El-7 Kelvin Water Dropper Induction Device
El-8 Van de Graaff Generator (Lighting a Fluorescent Tube)
El-9 Electrostatic Voltmeter
El-10 Electric Pinwheel
El-11 Franklin's Bell (Lightning Warning Device)
El-12 Cottrell Smoke Precipitator
El-13 Faraday's Cage
El-14 Saint Elmo's Fire
El-15 Whimshurst Machine
El-16 Piezoelectric static electricity generator
Modern
Na-1 Nuclear Chain Reaction
Na-4 Rutherford Scattering
Na-5 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Na-7 X ray tubes
Na-8 Band Gap Energy
Na-9 Quantum Mechanical Tunnelling
Na-10 Bragg Diffraction
Na-11 Models of Atomic Structure
Na-12 Black Body Hole
Na-13 Pasco Blackbody apparatus.
Na-14 Photoelectric effect
Astronomy/Astrophysics
Aa-1 Earthshine demonstration
Aa-2 Gravitational lensing
Aa-3 Gravity Drum
Safety
Acknowledgements
AC Generator
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